# Silvered Weapon
*Common*
An alchemical process has bonded silver to this magic weapon. When you score a [Critical Hit](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/variant-rules/critical-hit-xphb.md) with it against a creature that is shape-shifted, the weapon deals one additional die of damage.
**Variants**:
- [Silvered Antimatter Rifle](#Silvered%20Antimatter%20Rifle)
- [Silvered Automatic Rifle](#Silvered%20Automatic%20Rifle)
- [Silvered Battleaxe](#Silvered%20Battleaxe)
- [Silvered Blowgun](#Silvered%20Blowgun)
- [Silvered Club](#Silvered%20Club)
- [Silvered Dagger](#Silvered%20Dagger)
- [Silvered Dart](#Silvered%20Dart)
- [Silvered Double-Bladed Scimitar](#Silvered%20Double-Bladed%20Scimitar)
- [Silvered Flail](#Silvered%20Flail)
- [Silvered Glaive](#Silvered%20Glaive)
- [Silvered Greataxe](#Silvered%20Greataxe)
- [Silvered Greatclub](#Silvered%20Greatclub)
- [Silvered Greatsword](#Silvered%20Greatsword)
- [Silvered Halberd](#Silvered%20Halberd)
- [Silvered Hand Crossbow](#Silvered%20Hand%20Crossbow)
- [Silvered Handaxe](#Silvered%20Handaxe)
- [Silvered Heavy Crossbow](#Silvered%20Heavy%20Crossbow)
- [Silvered Hooked Shortspear](#Silvered%20Hooked%20Shortspear)
- [Silvered Hoopak](#Silvered%20Hoopak)
- [Silvered Hunting Rifle](#Silvered%20Hunting%20Rifle)
- [Silvered Javelin](#Silvered%20Javelin)
- [Silvered Lance](#Silvered%20Lance)
- [Silvered Laser Pistol](#Silvered%20Laser%20Pistol)
- [Silvered Laser Rifle](#Silvered%20Laser%20Rifle)
- [Silvered Light Crossbow](#Silvered%20Light%20Crossbow)
- [Silvered Light Hammer](#Silvered%20Light%20Hammer)
- [Silvered Light Repeating Crossbow](#Silvered%20Light%20Repeating%20Crossbow)
- [Silvered Longbow](#Silvered%20Longbow)
- [Silvered Longsword](#Silvered%20Longsword)
- [Silvered Mace](#Silvered%20Mace)
- [Silvered Maul](#Silvered%20Maul)
- [Silvered Morningstar](#Silvered%20Morningstar)
- [Silvered Musket](#Silvered%20Musket)
- [Silvered Pike](#Silvered%20Pike)
- [Silvered Pistol](#Silvered%20Pistol)
- [Silvered Quarterstaff](#Silvered%20Quarterstaff)
- [Silvered Rapier](#Silvered%20Rapier)
- [Silvered Revolver](#Silvered%20Revolver)
- [Silvered Scimitar](#Silvered%20Scimitar)
- [Silvered Semiautomatic Pistol](#Silvered%20Semiautomatic%20Pistol)
- [Silvered Shortbow](#Silvered%20Shortbow)
- [Silvered Shortsword](#Silvered%20Shortsword)
- [Silvered Shotgun](#Silvered%20Shotgun)
- [Silvered Sickle](#Silvered%20Sickle)
- [Silvered Sling](#Silvered%20Sling)
- [Silvered Spear](#Silvered%20Spear)
- [Silvered Staff](#Silvered%20Staff)
- [Silvered Trident](#Silvered%20Trident)
- [Silvered War Pick](#Silvered%20War%20Pick)
- [Silvered Warhammer](#Silvered%20Warhammer)
- [Silvered Whip](#Silvered%20Whip)
- [Silvered Wooden Staff](#Silvered%20Wooden%20Staff)
- [Silvered Yklwa](#Silvered%20Yklwa)
### Silvered Antimatter Rifle
- **Damage**: 6d8 necrotic
- **Range**: 120/360
- **Properties**: [Ammunition](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Ammunition), [Reload](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Reload), [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons), [Two-Handed](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Two-Handed)
- **Weight**: 10.0 lbs.
### Silvered Automatic Rifle
- **Damage**: 2d8 piercing
- **Range**: 80/240
- **Properties**: [Ammunition](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Ammunition), [Burst Fire](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Burst%20Fire), [Reload](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Reload), [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons), [Two-Handed](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Two-Handed)
- **Weight**: 8.0 lbs.
### Silvered Battleaxe
- **Damage**:
- One-handed: 1d8 slashing
- Two-handed: 1d10 slashing
- **Properties**: [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons), [Versatile](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Versatile)
- **Weight**: 4.0 lbs.
### Silvered Blowgun
- **Damage**: 1 piercing
- **Range**: 25/100
- **Properties**: [Ammunition](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Ammunition), [Loading](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Loading), [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons)
- **Weight**: 1.0 lbs.
### Silvered Club
- **Damage**: 1d4 bludgeoning
- **Properties**: [Light](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Light), [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons)
- **Weight**: 2.0 lbs.
### Silvered Dagger
- **Damage**: 1d4 piercing
- **Range**: 20/60
- **Properties**: [Finesse](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Finesse), [Light](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Light), [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons), [Thrown](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Thrown)
- **Weight**: 1.0 lbs.
### Silvered Dart
- **Damage**: 1d4 piercing
- **Range**: 20/60
- **Properties**: [Finesse](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Finesse), [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons), [Thrown](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Thrown)
- **Weight**: 0.25 lbs.
### Silvered Double-Bladed Scimitar
- **Damage**: 2d4 slashing
- **Properties**: [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons), [Two-Handed](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Two-Handed), special
- **Weight**: 6.0 lbs.
### Silvered Flail
- **Damage**: 1d8 bludgeoning
- **Properties**: [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons)
- **Weight**: 2.0 lbs.
### Silvered Glaive
- **Damage**: 1d10 slashing
- **Properties**: [Heavy](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Heavy), [Reach](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Reach), [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons), [Two-Handed](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Two-Handed)
- **Weight**: 6.0 lbs.
### Silvered Greataxe
- **Damage**: 1d12 slashing
- **Properties**: [Heavy](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Heavy), [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons), [Two-Handed](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Two-Handed)
- **Weight**: 7.0 lbs.
### Silvered Greatclub
- **Damage**: 1d8 bludgeoning
- **Properties**: [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons), [Two-Handed](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Two-Handed)
- **Weight**: 10.0 lbs.
### Silvered Greatsword
- **Damage**: 2d6 slashing
- **Properties**: [Heavy](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Heavy), [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons), [Two-Handed](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Two-Handed)
- **Weight**: 6.0 lbs.
### Silvered Halberd
- **Damage**: 1d10 slashing
- **Properties**: [Heavy](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Heavy), [Reach](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Reach), [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons), [Two-Handed](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Two-Handed)
- **Weight**: 6.0 lbs.
### Silvered Hand Crossbow
- **Damage**: 1d6 piercing
- **Range**: 30/120
- **Properties**: [Ammunition](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Ammunition), [Light](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Light), [Loading](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Loading), [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons)
- **Weight**: 3.0 lbs.
### Silvered Handaxe
- **Damage**: 1d6 slashing
- **Range**: 20/60
- **Properties**: [Light](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Light), [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons), [Thrown](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Thrown)
- **Weight**: 2.0 lbs.
### Silvered Heavy Crossbow
- **Damage**: 1d10 piercing
- **Range**: 100/400
- **Properties**: [Ammunition](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Ammunition), [Heavy](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Heavy), [Loading](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Loading), [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons), [Two-Handed](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Two-Handed)
- **Weight**: 18.0 lbs.
### Silvered Hooked Shortspear
- **Damage**: 1d4 piercing
- **Properties**: [Light](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Light), [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons)
- **Weight**: 2.0 lbs.
### Silvered Hoopak
- **Damage**: 1d6 piercing
- **Range**: 40/160
- **Properties**: [Ammunition](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Ammunition), [Finesse](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Finesse), [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons), [Two-Handed](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Two-Handed), special
- **Weight**: 2.0 lbs.
### Silvered Hunting Rifle
- **Damage**: 2d10 piercing
- **Range**: 80/240
- **Properties**: [Ammunition](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Ammunition), [Reload](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Reload), [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons), [Two-Handed](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Two-Handed)
- **Weight**: 8.0 lbs.
### Silvered Javelin
- **Damage**: 1d6 piercing
- **Range**: 30/120
- **Properties**: [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons), [Thrown](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Thrown)
- **Weight**: 2.0 lbs.
### Silvered Lance
- **Damage**: 1d10 piercing
- **Properties**: [Heavy](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Heavy), [Reach](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Reach), [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons)
- **Weight**: 6.0 lbs.
### Silvered Laser Pistol
- **Damage**: 3d6 radiant
- **Range**: 40/120
- **Properties**: [Ammunition](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Ammunition), [Reload](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Reload), [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons)
- **Weight**: 2.0 lbs.
### Silvered Laser Rifle
- **Damage**: 3d8 radiant
- **Range**: 100/300
- **Properties**: [Ammunition](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Ammunition), [Reload](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Reload), [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons), [Two-Handed](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Two-Handed)
- **Weight**: 7.0 lbs.
### Silvered Light Crossbow
- **Damage**: 1d8 piercing
- **Range**: 80/320
- **Properties**: [Ammunition](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Ammunition), [Loading](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Loading), [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons), [Two-Handed](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Two-Handed)
- **Weight**: 5.0 lbs.
### Silvered Light Hammer
- **Damage**: 1d4 bludgeoning
- **Range**: 20/60
- **Properties**: [Light](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Light), [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons), [Thrown](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Thrown)
- **Weight**: 2.0 lbs.
### Silvered Light Repeating Crossbow
- **Damage**: 1d8 piercing
- **Range**: 40/160
- **Properties**: [Ammunition](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Ammunition), [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons), [Two-Handed](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Two-Handed)
- **Weight**: 5.0 lbs.
### Silvered Longbow
- **Damage**: 1d8 piercing
- **Range**: 150/600
- **Properties**: [Ammunition](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Ammunition), [Heavy](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Heavy), [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons), [Two-Handed](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Two-Handed)
- **Weight**: 2.0 lbs.
### Silvered Longsword
- **Damage**:
- One-handed: 1d8 slashing
- Two-handed: 1d10 slashing
- **Properties**: [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons), [Versatile](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Versatile)
- **Weight**: 3.0 lbs.
### Silvered Mace
- **Damage**: 1d6 bludgeoning
- **Properties**: [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons)
- **Weight**: 4.0 lbs.
### Silvered Maul
- **Damage**: 2d6 bludgeoning
- **Properties**: [Heavy](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Heavy), [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons), [Two-Handed](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Two-Handed)
- **Weight**: 10.0 lbs.
### Silvered Morningstar
- **Damage**: 1d8 piercing
- **Properties**: [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons)
- **Weight**: 4.0 lbs.
### Silvered Musket
- **Damage**: 1d12 piercing
- **Range**: 40/120
- **Properties**: [Ammunition](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Ammunition), [Loading](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Loading), [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons), [Two-Handed](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Two-Handed)
- **Weight**: 10.0 lbs.
### Silvered Pike
- **Damage**: 1d10 piercing
- **Properties**: [Heavy](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Heavy), [Reach](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Reach), [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons), [Two-Handed](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Two-Handed)
- **Weight**: 18.0 lbs.
### Silvered Pistol
- **Damage**: 1d10 piercing
- **Range**: 30/90
- **Properties**: [Ammunition](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Ammunition), [Loading](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Loading), [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons)
- **Weight**: 3.0 lbs.
### Silvered Quarterstaff
- **Damage**:
- One-handed: 1d6 bludgeoning
- Two-handed: 1d8 bludgeoning
- **Properties**: [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons), [Versatile](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Versatile)
- **Weight**: 4.0 lbs.
### Silvered Rapier
- **Damage**: 1d8 piercing
- **Properties**: [Finesse](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Finesse), [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons)
- **Weight**: 2.0 lbs.
### Silvered Revolver
- **Damage**: 2d8 piercing
- **Range**: 40/120
- **Properties**: [Ammunition](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Ammunition), [Reload](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Reload), [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons)
- **Weight**: 3.0 lbs.
### Silvered Scimitar
- **Damage**: 1d6 slashing
- **Properties**: [Finesse](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Finesse), [Light](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Light), [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons)
- **Weight**: 3.0 lbs.
### Silvered Semiautomatic Pistol
- **Damage**: 2d6 piercing
- **Range**: 50/150
- **Properties**: [Ammunition](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Ammunition), [Reload](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Reload), [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons)
- **Weight**: 3.0 lbs.
### Silvered Shortbow
- **Damage**: 1d6 piercing
- **Range**: 80/320
- **Properties**: [Ammunition](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Ammunition), [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons), [Two-Handed](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Two-Handed)
- **Weight**: 2.0 lbs.
### Silvered Shortsword
- **Damage**: 1d6 piercing
- **Properties**: [Finesse](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Finesse), [Light](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Light), [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons)
- **Weight**: 2.0 lbs.
### Silvered Shotgun
- **Damage**: 2d8 piercing
- **Range**: 30/90
- **Properties**: [Ammunition](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Ammunition), [Reload](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Reload), [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons), [Two-Handed](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Two-Handed)
- **Weight**: 7.0 lbs.
### Silvered Sickle
- **Damage**: 1d4 slashing
- **Properties**: [Light](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Light), [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons)
- **Weight**: 2.0 lbs.
### Silvered Sling
- **Damage**: 1d4 bludgeoning
- **Range**: 30/120
- **Properties**: [Ammunition](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Ammunition), [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons)
### Silvered Spear
- **Damage**:
- One-handed: 1d6 piercing
- Two-handed: 1d8 piercing
- **Range**: 20/60
- **Properties**: [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons), [Thrown](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Thrown), [Versatile](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Versatile)
- **Weight**: 3.0 lbs.
### Silvered Staff
- **Damage**:
- One-handed: 1d6 bludgeoning
- Two-handed: 1d8 bludgeoning
- **Properties**: [Versatile](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Versatile)
- **Weight**: 4.0 lbs.
### Silvered Trident
- **Damage**:
- One-handed: 1d8 piercing
- Two-handed: 1d10 piercing
- **Range**: 20/60
- **Properties**: [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons), [Thrown](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Thrown), [Versatile](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Versatile)
- **Weight**: 4.0 lbs.
### Silvered War Pick
- **Damage**:
- One-handed: 1d8 piercing
- Two-handed: 1d10 piercing
- **Properties**: [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons), [Versatile](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Versatile)
- **Weight**: 2.0 lbs.
### Silvered Warhammer
- **Damage**:
- One-handed: 1d8 bludgeoning
- Two-handed: 1d10 bludgeoning
- **Properties**: [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons), [Versatile](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Versatile)
- **Weight**: 5.0 lbs.
### Silvered Whip
- **Damage**: 1d4 slashing
- **Properties**: [Finesse](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Finesse), [Reach](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Reach), [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons)
- **Weight**: 3.0 lbs.
### Silvered Wooden Staff
- **Damage**:
- One-handed: 1d6 bludgeoning
- Two-handed: 1d8 bludgeoning
- **Properties**: [Versatile](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Versatile)
- **Weight**: 4.0 lbs.
### Silvered Yklwa
- **Damage**: 1d8 piercing
- **Range**: 10/30
- **Properties**: [Silvered](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Silvered%20Weapons), [Thrown](3-Mechanics/CLI/rules/item-properties.md#Thrown)
- **Weight**: 3.0 lbs.
*Source: Dungeon Master's Guide (2024) p. 304*